KZ GUSEN MEMORIAL COMMITTEE
within ARBEITSKREIS FUER HEIMAT-, DENKMAL- UND GESCHICHTSPFLEGE (AHDG)
and Local-International Platform ST. GEORGEN/GUSEN, Austria
KZ Mauthausen-GUSEN Info-Pages
SCOPE OF THESE INFO-PAGES
The KZ Gusen I, II and III concentration camp complex was the largest and most brutal
within the Mauthausen camp system.
In fact, in 1944 the KZ Gusen complex, with 25,000 inmates, reached double the number of inmates
in the central camp of Mauthausen, which had some 12,000 inmates at that time.
This vast increase of inmates was due to the foundation of KZ Gusen II
a few hundred meters west of KZ Gusen I. KZ Gusen II housed some 16,000 inmates
deported for the construction and operation of the huge underground plant
at St. Georgen/Gusen (B8 BERGKRISTALL-ESCHE 2) and Langenstein (KELLERBAU).
The B8 BERGKRISTALL project involved the first serial assembly of a jet in aviation history, the Me-262.
The strategic importance of this project for the Nazi war effort prompted the SS, who managed the construction
and operation of the Gusen camps, to create such brutal working-conditions that death rates
reached 70 to 90%, depending on the weather conditions.
So few survived the KZ Gusen II "extermination camp", as the KZ Gusen I survivers call it,
that nearly all of KZ Gusen II history was forgotten during the last decades.
Thanks to the international cooperation of KZ Gusen survivors and eye-wittnesses
from the local population around the three camps, we are now able to make some
general information about this giant but forgotten complex available
to historians, students and other interested people.
We also see this KZ Mauthausen-Gusen Info-Pages as the voice
of some 40,000 forgotten KZ Gusen victims.
In fact, this forgotten group of victims represents the largest group
of victims within the "Mauthausen" system of more than forty camps
spread all over "Austria" in that awful period between 1938 and 1945.
Note as well that more people died in KZ Gusen I , II and III than in the related
Mauthausen central camp. All in all, the 40,000 KZ Gusen victims represent nearly one-third
of all the concentration camp victims on "Austrian" territory!
Furthermore, nearly 80% of all Germans and Austrian sent to "Mauthausen"e; actually
died at Gusen. The deaths attributable to KZ Gusen should also include several thousand KZ Gusen inmates
who were re-transferred to the "Sanitaets-Lager" outside of the Mauthausen central camp
to die from the horrible conditions at KZ Gusen II.
The high mortality rate at KZ Gusen has left us very few survivors. Thus, the history of these
camps has been more or less unknown for decades.
However, the official transfer by former KZ Gusen inmates of the Memorial Crematorium KZ Gusen
to the Republic of Austria may help to stimulate more professional academic research on this
very important, but forgotten, concentration and "extermination" camp complex.
Please also be aware that we collect any information/materials available about the
KZ Mauthausen-Gusen camps. So, should you have some, please don´t hesitate to contact us.
We will make all proper material available via our archives to any interested students or researchers
in rememberance of the tens of thousands of forgotten KZ Gusen victims.
The following academic thesis were done with material from our
archives meanwhile:
- Duriez, Claire: GUSEN, Camp Annexe de Mauthausen, camp de concentration nazi
en territoire autrichien, mai 1940 - mai 1945, mémoire de maitrise sous la direction du
Professeur André GUESLIN, Département d´Histoire, Université Paris VII Denis Diderot, Paris,
Année universitaire 1997/1998
- Hoelzl, Elisabeth: Holocaust in der Literatur
(Holocaust within Literature; a commented translation
of Chemin de Croix en 50 Stations by Bernard Aldebert)
-142 p. Ill. Language: German; University of Salzburg, 1996
(Bestandsnachweis; HB M1 268749 II 103 -> III Hoel-8)
- Rief, Silvia: Wir schmieden das Schwert
(Forging the Sword; Work-Experience of an Austrian
Civilian at the Steyr-Daimler-Puch
Plants at Letten and within KZ Gusen Concentration Camp)
-182 p. Ill. Laguage: German; University of Vienna, 1996
(Bestandsnachweis; 078 F--> MGW-5286)
- Vitry, Stephanie: Les morts de Gusen, camp de concentration Autrichien
(The victims of KZ Gusen in accordance to registers between
April 1943 and May 1945) -Language: French; University of Paris I
- Pantheon-Sorbonne (CRHMSS), 1994
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For additional information, comments or suggestions, please contact:
KZ GUSEN Memorial Committee
Most recent updates of this page were made on
2006-03-07 by Rudolf A. HAUNSCHMIED,
Martha GAMMER, Siegi WITZANY-DURDA and
Jan-Ruth MILLS